The composition and working principle of the Beidou satellite navigation system
1. What is the "three-step" development route of the Beidou satellite navigation system?
In accordance with the general requirements of "quality, safety, application, and efficiency", adhere to the development principles of "independence, openness, compatibility, and gradualness", follow the overall idea of "regional first, then global", and follow the "three-step" development route, The development idea of "first regional, active, then global, passive" will be implemented step by step to form a Beidou system generation model and development path that highlights regional assurance, is oriented to global services, and is rich in Chinese characteristics. The specific development steps of the Beidou satellite navigation system are as follows:
The first step is the Beidou satellite navigation test system:
In 1994, China started the construction of the Beidou satellite navigation test system; in 2000, it launched two Beidou navigation test satellites, completing the Beidou satellite navigation test system and becoming the third country in the world to have an independent satellite navigation system; in 2003, it launched the third Beidou satellite The navigation test satellite further enhances the performance of the Beidou satellite navigation test system.
The Dou satellite navigation test system consists of three parts: the space constellation section, the ground operation and control section and the user terminal section. The space constellation segment includes three GEO satellites respectively fixed over the equator at 80 degrees, 110.5 degrees and 140 degrees east longitude. The ground control part consists of a ground control center and several calibration stations. The ground control center mainly completes tasks such as satellite orbit determination, ionospheric correction, user position determination and user short message information exchange. The calibration station mainly provides distance for the ground control center. Observations and correction parameters. The user terminal part consists of various British-type terminals such as handheld, vehicle-mounted and command-type terminals. The main functions and performance indicators of the Beidou satellite navigation test system such as transmitting positioning applications and receiving position coordinate information are as follows:
●Service function positioning, one-way and two-way timing, short message communication;
●Service area: China and surrounding areas;
●Positioning accuracy is better than 20 meters;
●Timing accuracy: 100 nanoseconds in one direction and 20 nanoseconds in both directions;
●Short message communication: 120 Chinese characters/time.
The second step is Beidou satellite navigation system regional service:
In 2004, China started the Beidou satellite navigation system project construction. By the end of 2012, it completed the networking of 5 GE satellites, 5 GSO satellites and 4 MEO satellites to provide regional service capabilities. The main functions and performance indicators of the Beidou Satellite Navigation System’s district-to-city services are as follows:
●Service functions: positioning, speed measurement, one-way and two-way timing, short message communication;
●Service area China and surrounding areas;
●Positioning accuracy: 10 meters in plane and 10 meters in elevation;
●Speed measurement accuracy: better than 0.2 meters/second;
●Timing accuracy: 50 nanoseconds in one direction and 20 nanoseconds in two directions;
●Short message communication: 120 Chinese characters/time.
The third step is Beidou satellite navigation system global service:
Beidou-3 began to enter the intensive launch of satellites in 2017. During the global networking period, at 02:09 on June 25, 2019, my country successfully launched the 46th satellite with the Long March-3B carrier rocket at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center. Beidou navigation satellite.
This satellite is the 21st networking satellite of the Beidou-3 system and the second tilted geosynchronous orbit satellite. After a series of on-orbit tests, the satellite is operating in a network with the 20 previously launched Beidou-3 satellites. Provide services in a timely manner to further improve Beidou system coverage and service performance. It is expected that 9 more Beidou-3 satellites will be launched before the end of 2019, laying the foundation for 30 Beidou-3 satellites to provide complete services to the world in 2020.
2. What are the components of the Beidou navigation system?
The Beidou system consists of three parts: the space segment, the operation control segment and the user segment: the Beidou-3 space segment consists of 30 satellites, including 3 geostationary orbit (GEO) satellites and 3 inclined geosynchronous orbit (GSO) satellites and 24 Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellites; the operation control section includes more than 30 ground stations such as main control stations, injection stations, and monitoring stations; the user section includes Beidou terminals, terminals compatible with other navigation systems, and related applications service system. The currently fully operational Beidou-2 system provides four services: authorized, public, wide-area differential (satellite-based enhancement) and short message. The positioning accuracy is better than 10 meters, the timing accuracy is better than 20 nanoseconds, and the speed measurement accuracy is per second. 0.2 meters.
3. What services can the Beidou-3 system provide?
The current BDS is the most complex system in GNSS. It is not only a transitional combination of the Beidou-2 regional system and the Beidou-3 global system, but also a complex constellation that integrates three orbit types: GEO, IGSO, and MEO. It also provides positioning, navigation, Satellite system for positioning, navigation and time (PNT) services and communication services. The satellite launched on April 23, 2019 is the 20th Beidou-3 networking satellite and the first IGSO satellite of Beidou-3. The satellite is networked with the 18 MEO satellites and 1 GEO satellite previously launched. In 2019, we will continue to launch 6 MEO, 2 GEO and 2 GSO satellites to realize the full constellation network of 30 Beidou-3 satellites and create conditions for the full provision of global services in 2020, when the Beidou-3 satellites in orbit will reach 30, including 3 GEO, 3 IGSO, and 24 MEO satellites, which is the largest constellation among the rated constellations in GNSS. The performance indicators of Beidou-3 global service are that the space signal ranging error is better than 0.5m, its positioning accuracy is 7m for single-frequency measurement, 3m for dual-frequency measurement, speed measurement accuracy is 0.2m/s, timing accuracy is 20ns. Availability is 99%. And its service performance in the Asia-Pacific region is significantly better than global performance.
4. What are the characteristics of the Beidou system compared with other GNSS?
The biggest feature of the Beidou-3 system compared with other GNSS is that it has regional short message communication services and global short message communication services, which other GNSS do not have. This is closely related to the development process of the Beidou system, because the Beidou system developed from the active system and continues to retain relevant characteristics. It is not only applied in Beidou 2, but also continues to Beidou 3. At the same time, Realizes regional and global short message communication services. For the same reason, Beidou-3 combines the global basic service system with the regional (satellite-based) enhancement system, thus becoming the most complex system in the world, with medium earth orbit (MEO), geostationary orbit (GEO) and tilted geosynchronous The combination of three orbital forms (GSO) has also become a pioneering exploration for future navigation and communication fusion satellites.
5. What is the active positioning principle of Beidou-1?
The Beidou Satellite Navigation Test System, also known as Beidou 1, is the first-generation test system that was put into use earlier. It uses guided positioning and consists of three positioning satellites (two working satellites, one It consists of three parts: a ground part (mainly a backup satellite), a ground control center, and a user terminal. The Beidou-1 satellite navigation and positioning system can provide users with all-weather real-time positioning services. Calibrated accuracy is 20 meters, uncalibrated accuracy is 100 meters.
The test system was formally established in 1994 and became operational after launching two satellites in 2000. In 2003, a backup satellite was launched, and the test system was completed. The service range of the system is 70-140° east longitude and 5°-5° north latitude. 55°. After the satellite's life has expired, the system has ceased functioning.
The Beidou satellite navigation test system consists of a space constellation section, a ground operation control section and a user terminal section. The space constellation segment includes three GEO satellites, respectively fixed at 80 degrees, 110.5 degrees and 140 degrees east longitude over the equator. The ground control part consists of a ground control center and several calibration stations. The ground control center mainly completes tasks such as satellite orbit determination, ionospheric correction user position determination, and user short message information exchange. The calibration station mainly provides distance observations for the ground control center. quantities and correction parameters. The user terminal part consists of various types of terminals such as handheld, vehicle-mounted and command-type terminals, and has functions such as transmitting positioning applications and receiving location coordinate information.
The main functions and performance indicators of the Beidou satellite navigation test system are as follows:
●Service functions: positioning, one-way and two-way timing, short message communication;
●Service area: China and surrounding areas;
●Positioning accuracy: better than 20 meters;
●Timing accuracy: 100 nanoseconds in one direction, 20 nanoseconds in two directions;
●Short message communication: 120 Chinese characters/time.
The space part of the Beidou-1 system consists of two working satellites and one on-orbit backup satellite. The three satellites are all geostationary satellites, orbiting at 80 degrees, 140 degrees and 1105 degrees east longitude respectively (backup satellite) The height of the three satellites from the ground is about 36,000 kilometers. The outbound signal of the Beidou-1 ground center station (ground center station to satellite, satellite to user machine or calibration station), inbound signal (satellite to ground center station, User computers or calibration stations to satellites) use a variety of different frequencies. The ground control section of Beidou-1 includes the ground measurement and control system and calibration system. Among them: the ground control system is the control and management center of the "Beidou-1" system , responsible for satellite monitoring, user computer positioning calculations, timing, communications and other major services; the measurement and control station is used for satellite monitoring and information injection. The calibration system consists of various calibration stations responsible for satellite orbit measurement, differential positioning and barometric altimetry. Mission. The user segment of Beidou-1 includes three types: ordinary user computer, command user computer and timing user computer.
Beidou-1 implements an active positioning method, and the distance from each satellite to the user should be the true distance (that is, independent of the user's computer clock). The accuracy of the distance measured from the satellite to the user using the response method is only related to the signal source clock (that is, the accuracy of the atomic clock). Accurate geographic elevation data is required. The geographical elevation data of this system is provided by the national elevation database, which is accurate to within meters and can meet the accuracy requirements of positioning calculations. The positioning principle of Beidou-1 is to use the central computer of the ground center station to use the two geosynchronous satellites with known accurate positions as the center of the sphere and the distance from the satellite to the user as the radius (measured with interrogation and response signals, and can be measured with standard (School Station Information Elimination Error) Construct two spherical surfaces, construct a third spherical surface with the radius of the earth plus the user's elevation as the radius (provided by the elevation database), and calculate the intersection point of these three spherical surfaces on the earth (eliminate their mirror points) ) is the user's position, which is the "three-ball intersection measurement principle". The positioning of Beidou-1 is achieved through a five-step method: ① The ground center station sends an inquiry signal to the Beidou-1 system satellite, and the satellite forwards the inquiry signal to various user computers in the service area in a broadcast manner; ② The user computer receives After one of the satellites forwards the signal, if the user has a positioning request at this time, the user machine will automatically broadcast its own response signal to the two satellites (the response signal contains the identification number D of the machine): ③ The ground center station receives the After the response signal, the total round-trip delay of the entire response signal is measured, and based on the distance from the ground center station to the two synchronous satellites, the digital elevation information of the area where the user computer is stored in the ground center station, and other correction data information, etc. The position of the user machine (carrier) on the earth's surface or in the air is calculated through generation calculation; ④ The ground center station transmits the position information to the user machine through the satellite through short message communication; ⑤ The user machine displays the position.
6. What is the system composition of Beidou-2 and its passive positioning principle?
Beidou-2 provides satellite positioning, navigation and timing services to users in the Asia-Pacific region. It includes four types: authorized service, public service, wide area differentiated service and location reporting service. Among them, it can provide users with wide-area differential services with a positioning accuracy of 1 meter and short message communication services for authorized users in my country and surrounding areas. In the location reporting service, in order to increase user capacity and reduce transmit power, the current dual coverage of RDSS mode is changed to single coverage, and the dual-star operation is changed to three-star operation, that is, the "three-receiver-single-transmit" operating mode to meet the needs of rapid positioning and Location reporting requirements.
The main functions and performance indicators of Beidou-2 are:
●Main functions: positioning, speed measurement, one-way and two-way timing, short message communication;
●Service area: China and parts of the Asia-Pacific region;
●Positioning accuracy: better than 10m;
●Speed measurement accuracy: better than 02m/s;
●Timing accuracy: 50ns (two-way 10ns);
●Short message communication: 120 Chinese characters/time.
In addition to positioning, navigation, and timing service functions similar to those of GPS, Beidou-2 also has special functions of position reporting, communication, and regional high-precision positioning/timing. Beidou-2 realizes RNSS/RDSS application integration. The so-called integration concept of RNSS and RDSS is to integrate the two services of RNSS and RDSS in the satellite and operation control system of the satellite navigation system, so that users can independently complete continuous positioning and speed measurement tasks without transmitting response signals, and can also perform RDSS as needed. location reporting, as well as user tracking identification and short message communications. Realize dual-mode integration of RNSS and RDSS and application integration of foreign GPS and GLONASS in user terminals. The above-mentioned integrated application functions of the Beidou satellite navigation system have outstanding technical features compared with other foreign systems. The basic principles and application methods are as follows: 1) Arrange RDSS payloads and RNSS payloads simultaneously on some navigation satellites (GEO.GSO), and the ground control system has RNSS and RDSS signal and information processing and operation control capabilities. 2) The navigation systems and signal formats of RNSS and RDSS are unified into the same system at the same time. 3) Both the RDSS outbound signals and RNSS navigation signals of GEO satellites can be used for user autonomous navigation, position reporting and communication services. That is, the s-band signal can be used for RNSs (so-called passive) positioning, and the L-band signal of RNSS can be used for communication services. 4) The RDSS service of the ground operation control system has the ability to randomly access user communications, can handle short burst signals, and complete information exchange from users to the central control system. 5) The user's location information can carry the user's location to implement location reporting, or it does not need to carry the user's location information. RDSS processes the user's location coordinates directly from the response signal to achieve location reporting without information transmission. ⑥ Utilize RDSS to achieve two-way timing with an accuracy better than 10ns. Compared with the usual GPS one-way timing, its time synchronization accuracy is higher high.
Beidou-2 simultaneously achieves multi-system compatibility and interoperability applications. This means that the Beidou system has multi-system compatibility and interoperability capabilities while maintaining the characteristics of independent systems. Compatibility between satellite navigation systems means that various GNSS system positioning, navigation and timing services can be used independently or together at the same time without interfering with each other. The interoperability between satellite navigation systems means that the navigation, positioning, and timing services of various GNSS system civilian signals can be used together, and enable users to obtain service performance that is better than the signals provided by independent systems. Ideal interoperability allows the receiver to simultaneously utilize signals from Beidou, GPS, GLONAS, and Galileo satellite navigation systems for navigation.
The Beidou-2 system consists of three parts: space constellation, ground operation control and user terminal. The layout of its satellite constellation is that there are 5 GEO satellites, 5 GSO satellites and 4 MEO satellites in orbit.
In the user system segment of Beidou-2, there are various types of Beidou user terminals, including terminals compatible with other navigation systems. From a broad perspective, in fact, the original concept of the user segment of the satellite navigation system was relatively narrow and was limited to satellite positioning, navigation, and timing receivers. Later, when the concept of terminals was introduced, the meaning was greatly expanded, and it was different from other systems. , or the connotation of technology combination and integration. However, with the continuous development of Beidou Satellite Navigation System, or GNSs application and service fields, satellite navigation has not only penetrated into the application of all walks of life in the national economy, but also widely expanded into various services in society and people's livelihood. It is gradually becoming the production mode, lifestyle and ecological mode of society in the information age, becoming the main force of spatiotemporal information services. At this time, the concept of user segments has inevitably been upgraded to the concept of system, or the concept of systems of systems. Only then can the potential application and service value of the satellite navigation system itself be reflected, and the leading role of high technology be reflected.
7. What kind of innovative design does Beidou-3’s signal have?
In view of the importance of navigation signals in navigation systems, our country attaches great importance to the signal design of the BDS global system and has united domestic superior forces to carry out key technical research. In the past few years, domestic academic and industrial interfaces have faced strict constraints on Beidou global system signal design from frequency resources, compatibility and interoperability between systems, intellectual property rights, etc., as well as increasingly refined and higher-performance services. demand, through unremitting efforts, a variety of innovative technologies with Beidou characteristics have emerged. This is:
QMBOC
In order to provide better interoperability with other systems, the center frequency of the civil signal B1C of the BDS global system is set at 1575.42MHz, which overlaps with the GPSL1 and Galileo E1 frequency points. It is expected that in the future, the public service signals of each system at this frequency point will be It will be the bearer signal for the main civil navigation and positioning business. Therefore, in the design process of BC signals, it is necessary to meet radio frequency compatibility requirements with other signals at the same frequency point, ensure interoperability with GPS L1C signals and Galileo E1OS signals, and also have as high ranging accuracy and robustness as possible , while supporting multiple different receiving processing strategies. It can provide multiple balance points in positioning performance and complexity for high, middle and low-end receivers; in addition, due to intellectual property considerations, the basic transmission and reception methods should be able to circumvent European and American patent blocks. Regardless of intellectual property issues, the time division multiplexing BOC (TMBOC) used by GPS L1C is a modulation technology that meets the design requirements of the B1 frequency point. However, this technology was patented by a company affiliated with the British Ministry of Defense and was authorized in China in 2013. According to the provisions of the patent law, the UK has the right to collect patent royalties from satellite manufacturers that launch TMBOC and receivers and chip manufacturers that use TMBOC signals, or prohibit these units from using related patented technologies. This brings certain potential threats to the future development of Beidou's navigation industry.
The emergence of orthogonal multiplexing BOC (OMBOC) technology has broken the patent barrier faced in B1C signal design. QMBOC modulates the BOC(1.1) signal and BOC(6,1) signal components at two mutually orthogonal phases of the carrier wave, which not only avoids the influence of the cross-correlation component between the two components, but also circumvents the patents of TMBOC and CBOC Question: The power spectrum of QMBOC is the same as that of TMBOC, and it can also adopt BOC(1,1)-like low-complexity reception mode and high-performance matching reception mode. It is very compatible with the public service signals of GPS and Galileo systems in the same frequency band. performance and interoperability.
TD-AltBOC and ACE-BOC
To support interoperability with GPS L5 and Galileo E5, the BDS global system will broadcast broadband signals on two central frequencies in the B2 band, B2a and B2b. The signal should have high ranging performance and the ability to resist in-band interference. The signals at the center frequencies of the two carriers should be multiplexed into a constant envelope signal at the transmitting end to save load resources. And reduce reuse loss as much as possible. In addition, this combination allows the B2 signal to be viewed as two sets of QPSK (10) signals at the receiver, and provides the possibility of ultra-wideband reception for future high-end receivers. Another important point is that the signal solution should have independent intellectual property rights. Time-division AltBOc (TD-AltBOC) is a modulation technology with independent intellectual property rights in my country. In order to reduce the implementation complexity of the transmitter, the data and pilot components of each sideband use time-division multiplexing technology to form a binary signal. Afterwards, 2-component ABOC technology is used for combined emission. Asymmetric constant envelope BOC (ACE-BOC) is also a new technology with independent intellectual property rights that meets the Beidou B2 frequency signal design requirements. Its data and pilot components are placed orthogonally, and the composed signal components support arbitrary power ratio, with high design flexibility. Compared with ACE-BOC, the transmitter implementation of TD-AltBOC is relatively simple.
The data and pilot components of ACE-BOC are placed orthogonally to ensure the backward compatibility of the signal and facilitate the adjustment of the transmission plan at any time without affecting the receiver that is already in use. In addition, the orthogonally placed signals have a high degree of interoperability with GPS and Gal signals in the same frequency band, and can better support the future Beidou + GPS + Gale three-system receiver design architecture. In terms of generation complexity, the low-complexity implementation of the ACE-BOC signal has the same clock rate and circuit structure as ABOC.
Dual QPSK
Dual QPSK is an on-board multiplexing technology with independent intellectual property rights, which can solve the need for the medium-power combination of two BOC and QPSK at the B3 frequency point in the on-board transmitter. Among them, BOC (15,25) has orthogonal data, Pilot channel. The promoted dual QPSK can flexibly control the power of the combined signal to achieve arbitrary power ratio constant envelope merging of two QPSK-like signals, and can obtain optimized analytical implementation and maximized power efficiency, solving the need for smooth transition of the B3 frequency point. .
8. What are the time reference system and space reference system of the Beidou system?
The coordinate frame of the Beidou satellite navigation system adopts the China Geodetic Coordinate System 2000 (CGCs2000). The time base of the Beidou satellite navigation system is Beidou Time (BDT).
The coordinate system of the Beidou system adopts the 2000 China Geodetic Coordinate System (CGCS2000).
The definition of the CGCS2000 geodetic coordinate system is as follows: the origin is located at the center of mass of the earth; the Z-axis points to the reference pole (RP) direction defined by the International Earth Rotation Service (ERS); the X-axis is the reference meridian (RM) defined by the positive RS and passes through the origin and The intersection line of the equatorial plane orthogonal to the Z-axis: the Y-axis, the z-axis, and the X-axis form a right-handed rectangular coordinate system. The CGCS2000 origin is also used as the geometric center of the CGCS2000 ellipsoid, and the Z axis is used as the rotation axis of the rotating ellipsoid. The basic constants defined by the CGCS2000 reference ellipsoid are:
Major semi-axis: a=6378137.0m
The gravitational constant of the Earth (including the atmosphere): μ=3.986004418×1014m3/s2
Flat rate: f=1/298.257222101
Earth's rotation angular speed: ω=7.2921150×10-5rad
The time system of the Beidou system uses Beidou Time (BDT). BDT adopts the International System of Units (SD seconds as the basic unit for continuous accumulation, not intermittent seconds. The starting epoch is 00 hours, 00 minutes and 00 seconds of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) on January 1, 2006, and counts weeks and seconds within the week. BDT establishes contact with international UTC through UTC (NTSC), and the deviation between BDT and UTC is kept within 100 nanoseconds (modulo 1 second). The leap second information between BDT and UTC is reported in the navigation message.
9. How does Beidou-3 ensure high-precision positioning, navigation and timing?
The Beidou satellite navigation system has many and very distinctive features. Its global coverage, all-weather operation, unlimited users, high-precision services, and real-time dynamic capabilities are unmatched by other navigation methods. For many years, most people have been making a fuss about accuracy. There is a popular saying in the industry: "Satellite navigation is all about accuracy." Usually the system accuracy provided by GNSS is meter level. If enhancement or differential methods are adopted, the accuracy can reach submeter, decimeter, centimeter, or even millimeter levels. When it comes to accuracy, we must talk about the heart of the navigation satellite, the onboard atomic clock, or star clock for short. The atomic clock is the most accurate timing device among current timing equipment, and therefore is also the highest precision parameter that can be achieved among all measurement parameters that can measure time. Satellite navigation star clocks generally use rubidium clocks, cesium clocks and hydrogen clocks. The accuracy (actually the stability error) is usually about 10-13 to 10-15, that is, the cumulative error every 3 million to 30 million years does not exceed one second. The use of satellite clock technology is a revolutionary measure to ensure high-precision satellite navigation. It brings three major contributions: first, using atomic clocks as a time and frequency standard and a means of measuring distance on satellites; second, moving atomic clocks from the ground to space to provide a broadcast method send. It allows extremely high-end products with niche applications such as atomic clocks to provide unlimited popular services to users; third, the time broadcast by the star clock is used as a reference for navigation of user computers. User receivers do not need to be equipped with high-precision clocks to achieve high-precision Positioning, navigation and timing. The most important thing to emphasize is that the distance measurement from the navigation satellite transmitter to the receiver comes down to the measurement time, that is, the time delay between the departure time of the transmitter and the arrival time of the receiver (or called the time interval ). High-precision star clock time ensures high-precision measurement of navigation signal propagation delay between transceivers.
In addition to using extremely high-precision satellite clocks, the second measure to achieve high accuracy is to use a variety of methods, including system design, multi-mode enhancement, error correction and differential technology, to eliminate errors (satellite orbit errors, satellite clock drift errors , ionospheric and tropospheric errors, multipath effect errors, etc.) to improve accuracy. In system design, the most important idea when adopting a dual-frequency or multi-frequency system is to eliminate the ionospheric effect. Since the ionosphere is a dispersive medium, that is, the impact is different for different frequencies. Basically, the higher the frequency, the The influence is smaller, and the degree of influence is inversely proportional to the square of the frequency. Therefore, using a dual-frequency or multi-frequency system and using the determined multiple ratio relationship between frequencies, the ionospheric effect can be eliminated by using the same-frequency normalized differential cancellation method. In multi-mode enhancement systems including satellite-based enhancement, ground-based enhancement, and auxiliary GNSS, the measures taken are to provide more precise satellite ephemeris orbit corrections and star clock precision clock corrections, as well as ionospheric error corrections. In order to improve the user's positioning accuracy, in recent years, the provision of these correction numbers has been gradually improved from post-post (or delayed) provision to real-time network release provision, which has substantially improved the application service level. The third measure to achieve high precision is the widespread use of various differential technologies, including single-machine and multi-machine levels at the coded phase and carrier phase parameter levels, local and wide-area levels, static post-event and real-time dynamic levels, and network At the system level, it is enough to write a book. The fourth measure to achieve high accuracy is the positioning strategy, which considers the geometric distribution of satellites in space. The geometric factor coefficient of accuracy often becomes the error amplification factor. How to choose a reasonable distribution of space satellites may be an increasingly easy problem to solve today with the existence of multi-system GNSS. How to make full use of interoperable satellite signals in space to greatly improve positioning accuracy has become a very valuable issue. new topics.
10. What is the great innovation of Beidou Space-time?
As the Beidou-3 global network rollout proceeds smoothly, my country's satellite navigation industry is about to usher in a new era of rapid development. We should evaluate Beidou space-time, a great innovation of the Chinese people in a great era, from a historical perspective in an all-round and multi-level manner.
Beidou is the Beidou of China and the Beidou of the world. It is the intersection and starting point of the three national strategies of the Belt and Road Initiative, integrated innovation and development, and the rejuvenation of a scientific and technological power. Beidou space-time is a typical example of the great innovation of the Chinese people in the great cause of the great era. A model and outstanding representative, it is also the most important central foundation and core cohesion for us to build a technological innovation center with global influence. It is also the birthplace of the new space-time service system and the emerging intelligent information industry. It is also the national brand and world-class space-time service in China. A leading platform technology giant and the backbone group incubator it drives.
In the field of science and technology, there are few innovation systems like Beidou that can produce obvious and huge benefits in the four aspects of politics, economy, science and technology, and society. Beidou truly embodies the all-round innovation of independent innovation, collaborative innovation, and open innovation. spirit, and the Beidou new space-time system and the intelligent information industry promoted by Beidou truly condense the multi-level innovation results of scientific theory, technological practice, industrial development and system promotion, thus obtaining the four major powers. Create four major systems, which are: achieve theoretical innovation, win the right to govern time and space, and build a national security and national integrity guarantee system; achieve practical innovation, win the right to speak internationally, and create a world-leading new space-time service innovation system; achieve industrial innovation , win the development initiative to create a leap-forward development system for industrial transformation and upgrading; achieve system innovation, obtain standard intellectual property rights, and create a social ecological system of all-round and multi-level group innovation, integration leadership, collaborative advancement, and service sharing.
The immeasurable value of a great innovation like Beidou Time and Space lies in its occupying the overall, basic, sustainable and key scientific and technological commanding heights of time and space. It is an indispensable and irreplaceable overall situation, and it is an integral part of everyone and everything. A unique existence that history cannot live without. As for Beidou New Time and Space, the new time technology in modern times has become the pinnacle of precise calculation and weights and measures. Space measurement relies on time measurement, reflecting the existence of the integration of time and space. In the modern era, in the era of mobile revolution, precision is synonymous with intelligence to a certain extent. This constitutes and generates the "seven laws" of Beidou's new space-time, which are: space-time integration, ubiquitous intelligence; real-time dynamics, ensuring accuracy; sea, land, air and sky, all in one place; change by itself, speed checks and balances; holographic interconnection, people-oriented; collaborative sharing, Group innovation: simplicity to the extreme, serving everyone.
In terms of economic benefits, it should be said that Beidou is a benchmark. Since Beidou began to put into regional services in 2012, my country's satellite navigation industry has broken through five major market areas with Beidou as the core driving force, which are: the automotive pre-installation market, The smartphone market, the high-precision professional market, the international market and the integration market with other technologies and industries have made great progress and become the fastest growing industrial market in the world, occupying the market at an average annual growth rate of more than 20% every year. , by 2018, the total output value of my country's Beidou industry exceeded 300 billion yuan, accounting for more than one-fifth of the total global satellite navigation industry market value. As an emerging technology industry, it is not easy, or it is a great thing, to be able to do this in a not too long development stage when the global system has not yet been completed. In the technology industry, it is not only a benchmark, but also a milestone event. What is even more noteworthy is that during the more than ten years of construction of Beidou-2 and Beidou-3, more than 70 billion yuan was invested in major Beidou projects, equivalent to nearly 20 million yuan invested every day. However, the tax revenue obtained from the total output value of my country's satellite navigation industry in 2018 has recovered all the investment of more than ten years. This huge economic benefit cannot be matched by any other high-tech industry. Because a great innovation system like the Beidou system is a truly open innovation system, mobilizing thousands of troops, benefiting thousands of households, and being used by millions. It is dual-use for both military and civilian use and serves the national economy and people's livelihood. It is also open and free for civilian use. , it is an unlimited space-time information infrastructure for users, an objective existence that can change people's lifestyles. In fact, this is just the beginning, and it is only the "Beidou+" development stage of Beidou's own positioning, navigation and timing applications. The new "+Beidou" stage that is opening is the key to truly giving full play to the core leadership and key drive of Beidou's new space-time. a new stage of powerful industrial and market development. Through the nationwide system and mobilizing all positive factors, we will build the Beidou New Space-Time Science and Technology Innovation Center (mainly including ideological innovation think tanks, cutting-edge innovation centers, technology integrated innovation and intelligent service sharing platforms), and promote the standardization and interoperability of Beidou and other GNSS. A series of major initiatives such as the China Space-Time Service 2030 Action Plan will promote the deep cross-border integration of Beidou Navigation and other technology systems and industrial markets in space base, indoor and outdoor, communication and navigation, and realize the traditional needs in a scale, system and system. industrial transformation and supply-side reform, and also includes the process of group gathering, resource integration and system integration in emerging industries such as the Internet of Things, big data, artificial intelligence, mobile Internet, cloud computing and supercomputing, and blockchain. The indispensable core and key infrastructure assembly architecture system plays a huge role in quickly cultivating world-class leading platform technology giants and great enterprise groups in new space-time intelligent data and information services, promoting the rapid development of China's intelligent information industry, and forming a Chinese service The leading advantage of national brand, serving all of China, the world and all mankind.
